According to Chapter 57, all intercepts are inherently considered to be what?

Intercepts are inherently considered illegal according to Chapter 57 because, in most jurisdictions, intercepting communications without proper authorization or consent constitutes a violation of privacy rights. This principle safeguards individuals’ expectations of privacy and establishes clear boundaries regarding the use of surveillance methods. Without specific legal frameworks or warrants, any attempt to monitor or capture communications is generally viewed as a breach of lawful conduct, emphasizing the need for appropriate legal justifications, such as warrant requirements or consent provisions, to make intercepts permissible.

In contrast, the other options suggest scenarios where intercepts could be considered acceptable or permissible, which misaligns with the foundational legal view that any unauthorized interception is fundamentally illegal unless clear, lawful exemptions are granted.